WHAT IS MARIJUANA?Â
Marijuana is a mind-altering (psychoactive)Â
drug, produced by the Cannabis sativa plant.Â
Marijuana has over 480 constituents. THC (delta-
9-tetrahydrocannabinol) is believed to be the mainÂ
ingredient that produces the psychoactive effect.Â
WHAT IS ITS ORIGIN?Â
Marijuana is grown in the United States, Canada,Â
Mexico, South America, Caribbean, and Asia.Â
It can be cultivated in both outdoor and indoorÂ
settings.Â
What are common street names?Â
Common street names include:Â
• Aunt Mary, BC Bud, Blunts, Boom, Chronic, Dope,Â
Gangster, Ganja, Grass, Hash, Herb, Hydro, Indo, Joint,Â
Kif, Mary Jane, Mota, Pot, Reefer, Sinsemilla, Skunk,Â
Smoke, Weed, and YerbaÂ
What does it look like?Â
Marijuana is a dry, shredded green/brown mixÂ
of flowers, stems, seeds, and leaves from theÂ
Cannabis sativa plant. The mixture typically isÂ
green, brown, or gray in color and may resembleÂ
tobacco.Â
How is it abused?Â
Marijuana is usually smoked as a cigarette (calledÂ
a joint) or in a pipe or bong. It is also smoked inÂ
blunts, which are cigars that have been emptiedÂ
of tobacco and refilled with marijuana, sometimesÂ
in combination with another drug. Marijuana isÂ
also mixed with foods or brewed as a tea.Â
What is its effect on the mind?Â
When marijuana is smoked, the active ingredientÂ
THC passes from the lungs and into theÂ
bloodstream, which carries the chemical to theÂ
organs throughout the body, including the brain.Â
In the brain, THC connects to specific sitesÂ
called cannabinoid receptors on nerve cells andÂ
influences the activity of those cells.
 Many of these receptors are found in the partsÂ
of the brain that influence:Â
• Pleasure, memory, thought, concentration, sensory andÂ
time perception, and coordinated movementÂ
The short-term effects of marijuana include:Â
• Problems with memory and learning, distortedÂ
perception, difficulty in thinking and problem-solving,Â
and loss of coordinationÂ
The effect of marijuana on perception andÂ
coordination are responsible for seriousÂ
impairments in learning, associative processes,Â
and psychomotor behavior (driving abilities).Â
Long term, regular use can lead to physicalÂ
dependence and withdrawal followingÂ
discontinuation, as well as psychological addictionÂ
or dependence.Â
Clinical studies show that the physiological,Â
psychological, and behavioral effects ofÂ
marijuana vary among individuals and presentÂ
a list of common responses to cannabinoids, asÂ
described in the scientific literature:Â
• Dizziness, nausea, tachycardia, facial flushing, dryÂ
mouth, and tremor initiallyÂ
• Merriment, happiness, and even exhilaration at highÂ
doses
• Disinhibition, relaxation, increased sociability, and
talkativeness
• Enhanced sensory perception, giving rise to increased
appreciation of music, art, and touch
• Heightened imagination leading to a subjective sense of
increased creativity
• Time distortions
• Illusions, delusions, and hallucinations are rare except
at high doses
• Impaired judgment, reduced coordination, and ataxia,
which can impede driving ability or lead to an increase in
risk-taking behavior
• Emotional lability, incongruity of affect, dysphoria,
disorganized thinking, inability to converse logically,
agitation, paranoia, confusion, restlessness, anxiety,
drowsiness, and panic attacks may occur, especially in
inexperienced users or in those who have taken a large
dose
• Increased appetite and short-term memory impairment
are common
What is its effect on the body?
Short-term physical effects from marijuana use
may include:
• Sedation, bloodshot eyes, increased heart rate,
coughing from lung irritation, increased appetite, and
increased blood pressure (although prolonged use may
cause a decrease in blood pressure).
Marijuana smokers experience serious health
problems such as bronchitis, emphysema, and
bronchial asthma. Extended use may cause
suppression of the immune system. Withdrawal
from chronic use of high doses of marijuana
causes physical signs including headache,
shakiness, sweating, and stomach pains and
nausea.
Withdrawal symptoms also include behavioral
signs such as:
• Restlessness, irritability, sleep difficulties, and
decreased appetite